Two hypotheses were formulated to determine the source of conflict and conflict resolution in the nigeria public service. This seven year conflict and humanitarian crisis in the north has killed 20,000 and displaced 2. Constitution of the federal republic of nigeria wipo. Communal conflicts in nigeria can be divided into two broad categories. An average nigerian often sees his own tribe as being superior to others.
But incidence of ethnic violence was different in varying country. Project managers view olalekan ogunbayo department of building technology, lagos state polytechnic, ikorodu, lagos state. Mang chaimang and ms adaeze uju oguike for the complementary roles they played in editing the draft. Aug 30, 2005 the national question in nigeria is probably one of the most complicated in the world with over 120 languages spoken, three main ethnic groups, none of which constitutes a majority of the population, and the religious divide between christians in the south and muslims in the north. How has land been connected with some of the historical conflicts across nigeria. Congoplateaugeneralplateau%20state%20of%20the%20art. A history of identities, violence, and stability in nigeria. The national question in nigeria is probably one of the most complicated in the world with over 120 languages spoken, three main ethnic groups, none of which constitutes a majority of the population, and the religious divide between christians in the south and muslims in the north. There are different identities and segments in this society. Nigeria is an oil rich country, but nearly twothirds of the population lives in poverty and makes less. Visit our website for other free publication downloads. Nigerias far north is not the hot bed of islamic extremists some in the west fear, but it needs reinforced communitylevel peacebuilding, a more subtle security response, and improved management of public resources lest lingering tensions lead to new violence. Nigerias two major religions, islam and christianity, are sometimes depicted as monolithic entities that confront each other in pitched battles.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Non governmental organisations and conflict management in. Religious beliefs and values are an important feature of the daily lives. Causes and effects of conflict on nigerias development. Conflict management in nigerian construction industry. Each of these three geopolitical zones has a unique history and context of. Dec 20, 2010 violence in northern nigeria has flared up periodically over the last 30 years. However, what appears to be an ethnic conflict in nigeria is an actual fact of a struggle between the ruling class for the nations wealth. And evidence from southwestern nigeria shows that religious differences can be depoliticized by state authority. Ethnic conflict and sustainable development in nigeria.
This article is focused on the historical incidents of ethnic conflicts in within nigeria societies, the cause of the conflicts and perhaps, the government actions towards ethnic conflict in the country. Department of educational foundations and management, faculty of education. Local knows best 1617 organisations said that they felt local. The paper relying heavily on content analysis, explored the concepts of conflict and development. The role of the media in reporting conflicts of training for journalists have been some of the key issues of concern. The nigeria civil war or the nigeria biafra war, which occurred. You can trace causes of ethnic conflict to amalgamation, religious differences, inequality, lack of transparent governance, long military incursion in government and lack of vision or nigerian dream, to mention but a few. Keywords conflict reporting, enemy images, media, nigerian. Nigeria also has probably the most elaborate system of government in the region. The amalgamation was an act of colonial convenience.
If it available for your country it will shown as book reader and user fully subscribe will benefit by. From the 1950s, elections in nigeria approximated a war wage to determine who get what, when and how oyediran 1997. Implications for national security ushe mike ushe, ph. The parties to such conflict may not necessary be the government or nation. Nigeria has not been without its fair share of conflict.
A symposium on religious conflict in nigeria may 8, 2007 nigeria is the largest country in the world with an evenly split population of christians. Click download or read online button to ethnicity and development in nigeria book pdf for free now. The case of plateau state of nigeria abubakar sokoto mohammed 1. The second half of the paper explores the specific regionalised conflicts in greater detail. Nigeria, natural resources, oil, political economy, violence, context sensitivity. Nigeria is said to be a british creation by uniting the various nationalities into a single country today known as the federal republic of nigeria. Conflict resolution in a changing world international conflict. Just as we have many authors, so we have several definitions of the concept. D school of arts and social sciences,national open university of nigeria,lagos. Data and documents show that ethnic differences and discrimination were the main cause of ethnic violence. The nature and scope of nigerias identity diversity.
Although there have been some successes in conflict management in the last decade. On the tenacity of ethnic conflict in postindependence nigeria 4. Download pdf ethnic politics in nigeria free online. Conflict and violence in nigeria national bureau of statistics. Read chapter conflict resolution in a changing world. Nigeria is one of the major democracies in african continent. Ethnic groups and conflicts ethnic group means different things to different people. Section 4 draws our attention to the most salient identity cleavages in conflicts in the postcolonial era. Nigeria is a state where islam, christianity and traditional african religions are freely practised. It occurred mainly because british colonizers desired a. These conflicts have had enormous consequences in the development of nigeria. It is driven by a mix of historical, political, economic, and ethnic antagonisms.
Despite the governments announcement in 2016, that the group had been. The key causes and solution to ethnic conflict in nigeria. Theoretical perspective 79 languages, customs and traditions gives the country a rich cultural diversity. The oil curse and solutions for an oilfree future, available online. Developing country management ethnic conflict by participation and justice policy that the equality is the best way for resolve this problem. Department of educational foundations and management, faculty of education, ekiti state university, adoekiti, nigeria email. Article information, pdf download for enemy framing and the politics of. At a global scale, the conflict presents itself in a way where there is a large economic impact. The first half of the paper explores the overall socioeconomic, sociocultural, political and environmental factors that shape conflict, instability and resilience in nigeria. Nigeria has witnessed many conflicts revolving around political, economic, religious and ethnic motives and after independence in i960. College usawc press publications may be downloaded free. Whats underneath the water is a much more complex sociopolitical situation, which cannot be explained just in terms of the religious divide. Nongovernmental organizations, conflict, management, plateau state, nigeria.
Briscoevan ginkelnexusbetweensecurityanddevelopmentmarch20. This article is focused on the historical incidents of ethnic conflicts in within nigeria societies, the cause of the conflicts and perhaps, the government actions towards ethnic conflict. The patrimonial state and interethnic conflicts in nigeria. For instance, communal clashes, electoral violence and so on have all been rooted in ethnicity. Nigeria was forcefully done without the peoples consent. Pdf grievance, greed, and conflict dynamics in nigeria. Welcome,you are looking at books for reading, the conflict and development, you will able to read or download in pdf or epub books and notice some of author may have lock the live reading for some of country. Historical background to electoral violence in nigeria in the words of alanamu 2005, the history of violence in nigeria politics dates back to colonial era. The causes of ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies.
In fact, no decade of postindependent nigeria has been conflict free. Causes and solution nigerians are very sensitive when it comes to their ethnic groups. The postindependence nigeria has been bedeviled by disputes and conflicts ranging from nationalseparatist conflicts, religious rivalries, ethnic tribal, political, and environmental disputes among others. Colonial masters play a vital role in the growth of ethno religious conflicts, these colonial masters brought the christianity with them and try to penetrate the western values in the system of nigeria. Conflicts of various kinds in nigeria have often been attributed to ethnicity. The final section 5 looks at state management of conflicts and its effects under the federal system in nigeria. The 2009 insurgence of boko haram and the fulani herdsmen versus farmers conflicts have led to a significant increase in violent conflict in the. Ethnic conflicts in nigeria only the working class can.
Nigeria suffers a variety of complex political problems including inequality, corruption, oil disputes, national disunity, and the boko haram insurgency this seven year conflict and humanitarian crisis in the north has killed 20,000 and displaced 2. Imperialism and ethnic politics in nigeria 1960 1996. The article also assumes that, it is significant to note the influence of politicization of ethnicity, selective injustice and elite manipulation in conflict analysis in nigeria. Download pdf ethnicity and development in nigeria free. A historical analysis of ethnic conflict in nigeria publish. Ethnoreligious conflicts, attributed to actors primarily divided by cultural, ethnic, or religious communities and identities, such as instances of religious violence between christian and muslim communities herderfarmer conflicts, typically involving disputes over land andor cattle between.
Abstract the persistent religious conflicts and insecurity in nigeria has given meaningful nigerians a cause. With several coups, general strikes and a civil war, nigerians have had to experience some of the most sordid tragedies arising from difference of opinions and distrust. Always update books hourly, if not looking, search in the book search column. Enemy framing and the politics of reporting religious conflicts in the. In developing country incidence were low and in the developing sever. The boko haram insurgency began in 2009, when the jihadist group boko haram started an armed rebellion against the government of nigeria. Such institutions, including a free and pluralistic press, a set of ngos. There are more than 1 million books that have been enjoyed by people from all over the world. Ethnic conflict in world politics download ebook pdf. The area considered is the twelve states that expanded the scope of shar ia between 1999 and 2002. For that reason, i am pleased to present this mono graph, which seeks to reveal nigeria to outsiders. Mainly in the form of urban riots, it has pitted muslims against christians and has seen confrontations between different islamic sects. Structure and strategy in ethnic conflict donald l.
However, there is an indirect relationship between, say, interparty competition and ethnicity. Methods of conflict resolution in african traditional society. Get ebooks ethnic militias and the threat to democracy in post transition nigeria on pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi and audiobook for free. Click download or read online button to get ethnic conflict in world politics book now. Good governance, conflicts, ethnoreligious identities, clashes of civilization and nigeria. To date, few such comprehensive analyses of the boko haram conflict have been. Yet the country teeters perilously close to massive civil upheaval. Resolving it will require a deep understanding of conflict dynamics, as well as the motivations and capabilities of various key actors. Conflict, instability and resilience in nigeria gsdrc. Mar 10, 2014 modern nigeria emerged through the merging of two british colonial territories in 1914. Horowitz decades after the recognition that ethnicity is a powerful force in the politics of many countries, with profound effects on prospects for democracy horowitz 1993.
A historical analysis of ethnic conflict in nigeria osadola oluwaseun samuel research paper postgraduate african studies culture and applied geography publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. Geography nigeria is the most populous country in africa and accounts for over half of west africas population. Some writers argued that, a conflict situation emerges when two or more parties could not agree on an issue. With diverse language and cultural groups and a dispersed geography, the regions media have struggled to develop effective communication channels to serve the region. Download ethnoreligious conflict in nigeria by basil ugorji to read the full paper in pdf. All giga working papers are available online and free of charge on the. Conflict exposure and economic welfare in nigeria econstor. Nigeria has been pushed hither and thither by recurrent crises of regional or state. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigeria s muslim and christian communities, and the insurgents ultimate aim is to establish an islamic state. Abstract since the 1914 amalgamation of the northern and southern regions of nigeria by the british colonial government, nigerians have continued to debate the issues of peaceful coexistence among the various ethnic groups on the one hand, and between. Religious identity and conflict 3 countdown to the 2015 elections 9 conclusions 14 john paden religion and conflict in nigeria countdown to the 2015 elections special reportunited states institute of summary nigeria is by far the largest country in the worldwith a population of just over 180 mil. Mar 10, 2010 in nigeria the christianmuslim thing is the tip of the iceberg, he says.
Therefore it need a free signup process to obtain the book. Our model applies equally well to groups that form based on the geographical base of their membership. Ethnic politics in nigeria download ethnic politics in nigeria ebook. Modern nigeria emerged through the merging of two british colonial territories in 1914. Nigeria is the largest oilproducer in subsaharan africa, with about 32. Conflict can be defined as a clash or disagreement often violent between opposing groups or individuals. A key issue in the conflicts in plateau state is the relationship between the state and. Ethnocentrism and ethnopolitical conflicts in northern.
Ifranigeria epapers series, 2015, n49 4 introduction. The roots of nigerias religious and ethnic conflict the. Popular representations of language conflicts in belgium, quebec, and catalonia suggest that cultural. Igbohausa feud that began after the military coup and countercoup of 1966, culminating in the civil war in 1967, efikibibio conflict, tivjukun debacle, fulanibirom clashes, and itsekiriurhoboijaw conflict in the niger delta. Causes of ethnic conflict in nigeria are many but we will focus on primary ones that government should deal with to stop the menace at once. It can also be said to be an incompatibility, as of two things that cannot be simultaneously fulfilled. This report focuses on conflict in north east, north central, and south south nigeria. Sample of information to be collected for local development plans i natural resource conflict in northcentral nigeria.
Proceeding of an international academic conference of the international multidisciplinary research and academic society, obudu, cross river state. Nigeria suffers a variety of complex political problems including inequality, corruption, oil disputes, national disunity, and the boko haram insurgency. Over the past few years thousands of people have been killed in ethnic clashes. The negotiation issues in nigerias postindependence conflicts. This was a major seed of conflict that is still troubling nigeria today. Ethnoreligious conflicts, attributed to actors primarily divided by cultural, ethnic, or religious communities and identities, such as instances of religious violence between christian and muslim communities.
Closely examining the relationship between religion, ethnicity and conflict in. According to him, some analysts who relied on linguistic factor identified 394 ethnic groups in nigeria, while others put the figure at between 550 and 619. Grievance, greed, and conflict dynamics in nigeria. The idea that the plateau was previously free of conflict the selfstyled home of. This paper analyses the structural challenges, root causes and dynamics of conflict, instability and resilience in nigeria. The strategic studies institute ssi is part of the u. For example, in 2004, president obasanjo of nigeria declared a state of emergency in central plateau state, when herderfarmer conflicts resulted in nearmutual genocide of christians and muslims and more than 20,000 refugees fleeing to neighboring cameroon. Conflicts and causes of conflicts in africa project. While acknowledging the genius of nigerian federalism in trying to subdue ethnic and regional conflict, suberu expertly analyzes the troubling flaws in a system that breeds corruption, prioritizes distribution over development, and encourages the countrys further political fragmentation.
Click download or read online button to ethnic politics in nigeria book pdf for free now. Ethnic conflicts are very common and they bring about damage to lives and properties. When one groups army enters a city in enemy territory, its soldiers can be pretty condent that the overwhelming. In october 1963, nigeria altered its relationship with the united kingdom by proclaiming itself a federal republic and promulgating a new constitution. Conflict as an element of social interaction has been defined in various dimensions. You have a recipe ripe for conflict, and it just so happens to be christianmuslim. However, the realization of the potential roles of the academic libraries in offering services for conflict resolution has prompted some universities to introduce the course peace and conflict resolution as general studies course as it is the university of jos where peace and conflict resolution studies is taught as one of the general. Introduction this report looks at violent conflict in the far north of nigeria.
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